摘　要：对高层建筑中常见的扣件式钢管脚手架的搭设及拆除的安全问题，进行了分析研究，提出了保障措施及要求，以保障所搭设的脚手架的安全性，避免安全事故的发生，对于高层脚手架的安全施工与管理具有非常重要的意义。

Pickto:thecommonfastenertypesteelpipescaffoldinhigh-risebuildingset-upanddismantlingofsecurityproblems,hascarriedontheanalysisandstudy,putsforwardthesafeguardmeasuresandrequirements,inordertoensuretheerectionofscaffoldingsafety,topreventsafetyaccidents,high-levelscaffoldingforthesafetyoftheconstructionandmanagementhasveryimportantsignificance.关键词：高层建筑；扣件式钢管脚手架；安全性分析Keywords:high-risebuildings;Fastenertypesteelpipescaffold;Safetyanalysis　　在施工阶段，脚手架工程是建筑物或构筑物在施工时必须发生的辅助项目，工程中常用的脚手架类型很多。对高层建筑多采用扣件式钢管脚手架。采用扣件式钢管脚手架可以达到缩短工期、提高工效的目的，同时也降低了劳动强度，大大提高了生产效率。Duringtheconstructionphase,thescaffoldprojectisabuildingorstructuremustoccurduringtheconstructionofauxiliaryproject,thatiscommonlyusedinengineeringscaffoldtypealot.Withfastenertypesteeltubescaffoldinhigh-risebuilding.Adoptedfastenertypesteeltubescaffoldcanachievethepurposeofshorteningtheconstructionperiod,improveworkingefficiency,alsoreducedthelaborintensity,greatlyimprovingtheproductionefficiency.　　脚手架提供的工作面可供高处作业时堆料、短距离水平运输及操作人员在上面进行施工作业。由于高处作业，考虑不周和设计不当易引起安全事故的发生，所以安全施工显得尤为重要。Scaffoldingwhenworkingfacetohighstacking,shortdistancelevel,transportandoperationpersonnelintheaboveconstructionoperations.Becauseofthehighhomework,thoughtlessandpoorlydesignedeasycausesafetyaccidents,soitisparticularlyimportanttosafetyconstruction.1扣件式钢管脚手架的组成及设计要求　1fastenertypesteeltubescaffoldofcompositionandthedesignrequirements　扣件式钢管脚手架又称为架子管，一般是由钢管、扣件、底座、脚手板、安全网5个部分组成。　Alsoknownasframetube,fastenertypesteeltubescaffoldcommonlyconsistsofsteelpipes,fasteners,base,scaffolding,thesafetynetoffiveparts.　⑴管：一般钢管规格尺寸为φ48.3×3.6mm。根据钢管在脚手架中的位置和作用不同,钢管可分为立杆、纵向水平杆、横向水平杆、连墙杆、剪刀撑、水平斜拉杆等。脚手架在搭设时要求外架超出建筑物总高度1.8m，立杆间距一般不大2.0m，立杆横距不大于1.5m，连墙杆不少于三步三跨，双排脚手架设剪刀撑与横向斜撑。在脚手架两端及中间部位每间隔15m,应设一道剪刀撑，以加强其纵向稳定性。在高度方向，每隔6m左右与建筑拉接和横撑一次，以防止脚手架向外倾倒。连墙杆必须采用可承受拉力和压力的构造。具体尺寸应符合JGJ130-2011。(1)tube:thegeneralsteeltubesizeforthephi48.3x3.6mm.Accordingtodifferentsteeltubeinthepositionandroleofscaffolding,steelpipecanbedividedintoverticalpole,longitudinalrod,rod,eventhewallrod,scissors,lateralhorizontal,horizontalobliquerod,etc.WhenscaffolderectionofWaiJiabeyondbuildingatotalheightof1.8m,studspacinggenerallyis2.0m,polinghorizontaldistancenotgreaterthan1.5m,evenwallnotlessthanthreethreespans,double-rowscaffoldbracingandlateralbrace.Onbothendsofscaffoldingandmiddleintervalsof15m,shouldestablishabracing,inordertostrengthenitslongitudinalstability.Intheheightdirection,atintervalsofabout6mandthebuildingandthecrossbaronce,inordertopreventthescaffoldtodump.Eventhewallrodstructurecansustaintensionandpressuremustbeused.SpecificsizeshouldcomplywithJGJ130-2011.　　⑵扣件：钢管之间靠扣件连接，有直角扣件、旋转扣件、对接扣件及根据防滑要求设计的非连接用的防滑扣件等几种。扣件必须能确保节点不变形，是架子稳定的关键所在。采用的扣件，在螺栓拧紧扭力矩达65N.m时,不得发生破坏。　Fasteners:[2]byfastenerconnectionbetweensteeltube,right-anglefastener,rotatingfastener,dockingfastener,andaccordingtotherequestofanti-skiddesignofconnectionwithantiskidfastenersetc.Fastenersmustbeabletoensurethatnodedeformation,isthekeytoshelfstability.Fasteners,thebolttighteningtorqueof65n.M,shallnotbedestroyed.　⑶底座：落地式脚手架的立柱底座，设在立杆下端，是用来承受立杆荷载并传递给地基的配件，由于支撑的好坏直接影响脚手架的变形与安全，所以要求立柱底座有足够的强度外，还要分层夯实地基土。底座可用钢管与钢板焊接，也可用铸铁制成。　(3)thebase:scaffoldingofcolumnbaseonfloor,locatedinthelowerverticalpole,isusedforpolingunderloadandpassedtothefoundationoftheaccessories,becauseofthesupportisgoodorbad,directlyaffectthedeformationofthescaffoldandsecuritysopillarbasehasenoughstrengthrequirements,thehierarchicalcompactionoffoundationsoil.Basesteeltubeandsteelplateweldingareavailable,andcanalsobemadefromcastiron.　⑷脚手板：可提供施工操作条件同时承受和传递荷载给纵横水平杆的配件，设于非操作层时起安全防护作用，可用竹、木等材料制成，钢材较多见。脚手架底层满铺一层固定的脚手板，作业层满铺脚手板，自作业层往下计，一般须每隔12m满铺一层脚手板。　(4)scaffoldboard:operatingconditionsatthesametimeunderconstructionandloadtransferringtohorizontalbaraccessories,inthepurposeofsafetyprotectionwhentheoperationallayer,availablematerialssuchasbamboo,wood,steel,moresee.Putalayeroffixedscaffoldingscaffoldingfullbottom,beputwithscaffoldingplankhomeworklayer,sincetheoperationlayerdowntheplan,whichgenerallyevery12mspreadalayerofscaffolding.　⑸安全网：其作用是保证施工安全和减少灰尘的配件，包括立网和平网两部分。脚手架使用的安全网必须能够满足其使用和安全要求。对脚手架有以下基本要求：①要有足够的安全性和稳定性，保证施工期间在所规定的荷载和气候条件下，不产生变形、倾斜和摇晃；②要有足够的使用面积，满足堆料、运输、操作和行走的要求5]safetynet:itsfunctionistoguaranteetheconstructionsafetyandreducedustfittings,includingLiWangpeacenetworktwoparts.Usescaffoldingsafetynetmustbeabletomeetitsuseandsafetyrequirements.Forscaffoldhasthefollowingbasicrequirements:(1)tohaveenoughsecurityandstability,ensureconstructionperiodofaspecifiedloadandclimateconditions,doesnotproducedistortion,tiltandshaking;(2)tohaveenoughusablefloorarea,meetthestockyard,transportation,operationandwalking